ICU医护人员人工气道湿化临床实践体验的质性研究

Qualitative research of the experiences of staffs regarding to artificial airway humidi-fication in ICU

目的：深入了解和探讨ICU医护人员人工气道患者湿化护理现状、存在的问题及影响因素，通过资深ICU护理管理者的临床经验及专业判断为实践方案的形成提供证据支持。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究法，以目的抽样选取2015年6~8月上海市4所三甲医院5个不同ICU的15名医护人员为研究对象。以面对面、半结构式深入访谈的形式收集资料，并运用Colaizzi内容分析法进行资料的整理与分析。结果通过资料分析，得出人工气道湿化现状的2个主题：人工气道湿化护理的现状；人工气道湿化质量的影响因素。结论人工气道湿化缺乏有效指导和针对性培训，影响了人工气道湿化护理的质量。医院管理部门应加强对人工气道湿化的重视程度，建立完善的循证指南，开展规范的在职培训提高医护人员专业技能，同时完善湿化设备及人力资源配备，以改善人工气道湿化质量。

Objective To deeply understand and explore the status quo, existing problems and the influencing factors of the artificial airway humidification in ICU, and to provide references for the formation of the practical plan through the clinical experiences and professional judgement of the nursing administrators of ICU. Methods A total of 15 medical staffs from five different ICU of four top three hospitals in Shanghai from June 2015 to August 2015 were selected as the research objects by the phenomenological method of qualitative research. Data was collected by face to face and semi-structured in-depth interviews. Data was sorted and analyzed by Colaizzi methods. Results Two themes of the cur-rent situation of the artificial airway were summarized by analyzing the data：the current situation of artificial airway hu-midification care and the influencing factors of artificial airway humidification quality. Conclusions The artificial airway humidification care lacks of effective guidance and targeted training currently, which affects the quality of airway humid-ification. The administration department of the hospital should pay more attention to artificial airway humidification and set up improved evidence-based guidelines and conduct standardized job training to improve the professional skills of doctors and nurses. Meanwhile, humidification equipment and human resources should be improved to promote the quality of the artificial airway humidification.