宗教人类学视野下的藏族宗教研究状况述评

Review of Tibetan Religious Studies under the Perspective of Anthropology

从17世纪开始,欧美国家及日本对藏族宗教展开了广泛深入的人类学研究,在藏传佛教与藏族社会、宗教仪式、佛教艺术、信仰实践等方面积累了蔚为可观的学术研究成果,并在二战后经历了从东方主义和殖民主义视角向结构-功能主义的理论范式转向。1980年代以来,藏族宗教的人类学研究再次出现繁荣景象,国内学者通过探讨藏传佛教在现代化背景下如何实现继承和转换等主题,推动了藏学研究中本土话语体系的建构。

From the beginning of 17th century, anthropologists in Europe, America and Japan have carried out extensive researches onTibetan religion, which accumulated considerable academic achievements on Tibetan Buddhism, Tibetan society, rituals, Buddhism artand religious practice. And the empirical research paradigm of Tibetan religion has shifted from orientalism and colonialism tostructural-functionalism after the Second World War. Since 1980s, the anthropology research on Tibetan religion has thrived again,and Chinese scholars discussed how to realize inherit and transform of Tibetan Buddhism under the perspective of modernization,which pushing forward the construction of native discourse system in Tibetan studies.