安徽省池州市农村老年人睡眠质量状况及相关因素分析

Sleep quality of rural elderly people and associated factors in Chizhou City,Anhui Province

目的了解池州市农村老年人睡眠现状及其相关影响因素。方法以池州市农村≥60岁老年人为调查对象，采用随机抽样方法抽取6个行政村的老年人，对抽中的老年人进行问卷调查，调查内容包括调查对象基本情况、生活质量（SF-36）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）。采用描述流行病学方法对老年人的睡眠情况进行分析，并同时对其影响因素进行单、多因素分析。结果925名农村老年人中，睡眠质量PSQI总分为（8．02±3．54）分，有463例存在睡眠障碍，发生率为50．05％。调查对象以女性（60．5％）、60—69岁（56．4％）、小学及以下文化程度（占90．9％）、配偶健在（占73．0％）的老年人为主。多因素结果显示，女性（OR=1．281）、年龄≥70岁（OR=I．648、2．721）、配偶不健在（OR=1．775）、有慢性病（OR=2．615）的老年人发生睡眠障碍的可能性较大。生活质量各因子得分均值均与PSQI相关（均P〈0．05）。结论农村老年人睡眠障碍发生率较高，睡眠障碍与性别、年龄、配偶健在与否及慢性病有关，应及早治疗慢性病、戒烟戒酒、提倡子女常回家探望，改善睡眠质量，提高生活质量。

Objective To investigate the sleep quality and related factors among the rural elderly people in Chizhou. Methods A random sampling method was used to select rural elderly people aged 60 and above from six administrative villages in Chizhou City for questionnaire survey. The survey contents included basic information, the Short form 36-item questionnaire （SF-36） and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the sleep status of the subjects. Univari- ate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze factors influencing the sleep quality. Results A total of 925 rural elderly participated in the survey, of whom 60.5% were female, 56.4% aged 60 - 69 years, 90.9% had primary school education level or below, and 73.0% had alive spouses, The PSQI total score for sleep quality of the subjects was （ 8.02 ± 3.54）, and 463 subjects had sleep disorders, with an incidence rate of 50.05%. In the multivariate logistic regression model, the subjects who were female （ OR = 1. 281 ）, aged at 70 - 79 years （ OR = 1. 648 ） as well as 80 years and over （ OR = 2. 721 ）, without alive spouse （ OR -- 1. 775 ）, and with chronic diseases （ OR = 2. 615 ） were more likely to have sleep disor- ders. The average scores of factors of the quality of life were correlated with PSQI scores （all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The incidence of sleep disorders was high in rural elderly and the sleep disorders were associ- ated with gender, age, spouse alive or not, and chronic diseases.