以蛇口港区为例探索建立国际航行船舶出入境检疫风险分析管理机制

Exploration of Entry-exit Quarantine Risk Analysis Mechanism in International Navigation Ships, Basing on the Case of Shekou Port

目的在实现对国际航行船舶出入境检疫有效监管的同时,合理调配人力和物力资源,既保障口岸畅通,又有效规避风险。方法通过风险识别、风险评估、风险管理和风险交流四步分析法对疫病疫情、有毒有害物质以及其他危害因素,随出入境交通工具和人员传入传出国境的可能性进行预测和判断,进而采取相应管理措施。结果参照《卫生检疫风险预警及快速反应管理实施细则》,有效控制国际航行船舶出入境检疫风险。结论建立国际航行船舶出入境检疫风险分析管理机制,是应对中国建立"21世纪海上丝绸之路"推动全球化经济快速发展的必需,是走信息化管理道路、实现检验检疫科学发展的必需,具有可行性。

Objective In effective supervision of entry-exit quarantine for the international navigation ships,reasonable deployment of manpower and material resources can both ensure port unimpeded and avoid risk effectively. Methods By the way of risk identification, risk assessment, risk management and risk communication（four-step analysis method）, this paper forecasts and judgments the import and export of disease, toxic and harmful substances, and other harmful factors through entry-exit vehicles or personnel. Then corresponding management measures are adopted. Results To effectively control the entry-exit quarantine risks in international navigation ships, reference to the ＂management rules of health quarantine early risk warning and rapid response＂. Conclusion Entry-exit Quarantine Risk Analysis Mechanism in International Navigation Ships is necessary for China＇s ＂maritime silk road in the 21 st century＂ which promotes the rapid development of economic globalization. It is also feasible for the realization of information management and inspection and quarantine ＇s scientific development.