低酚棉种质资源耐盐性鉴定

Identification of Salt Tolerant Germplasm Resources in Glandless Cotton

为了解决粮棉争地矛盾,棉花向更加盐碱干旱区域发展是大势所趋。因此进行耐盐鉴定筛选抗性种质意义重大。本研究在培养室条件下,利用发芽盒和石英砂对179份来源不同的低酚棉种质资源的耐盐性进行了评价。结果表明,179份低酚棉资源材料中,没有高抗材料;抗盐材料4份,占所鉴定材料的2.2%;耐盐材料54份,占30.2%;盐敏感材料121份,占67.6%。筛选出8份耐盐性突出的材料,其耐盐性达到了耐盐或抗盐的水平,包括豫无424、衡无87-306、中无1651、中无3385、多毛101、中无374-G、中无1038和中无642,这些材料在盐胁迫下的相对成活苗率均在70%以上。国内材料耐盐性好于国外材料,国内材料中河北省、山东省、河南省的材料耐盐性明显好于其他省份。本研究筛选出了耐盐性好的低酚棉材料,为低酚棉育种提供了优异的种质资源。

It is a general trend to grow cotton in saline alkali arid area in order to solve the contradiction between grain and cotton. Therefore,it is of great significance to carry out the identification and screening of resistant germplasm. Salt tolerance of 179 glandless cotton germplasm resources was identified by using germination box and quartz sand in the incubation room. The results showed that no high salt resistant variety was found. However,4 resistant,54 tolerant and 121 sensitive varieties were discriminated,accounting for 2. 2%,30. 2% and 67. 6% in the glandless cottons,respectively. The better salt resistant and tolerant materials are Yuwu424,Hengwu87-306,Zhongwu1651,Zhongwu3385,Duomao101,Zhongwu374-G,Zhongwu1038 and Zhongwu642. The relative survival rate of seedlings of these materials was above 70% under salt stress. For the sources of the cottons,salt tolerance of domestic materials was better than that of foreign materials. Salt tolerance of materials from Hebei,Shandong and Henan provinces was better than that of materials from other provinces. In this study,we selected good glandless cotton materials with good salt resistance,which provided excellent germplasm resources for the breeding of glandless cotton.