缓释多功能生物质炭包衣尿素的制备及性能研究

Preparation of Slow-Released Multifunctional Biochar Coated Urea and Studies on Their Properties

利用玉米秸秆生物质炭和改性植物油粘结剂作为主要包衣材料制备5种缓释多功能生物质炭包衣尿素。采用25℃恒温静水培养试验法和玉米盆栽试验对肥料养分释放性和肥效进行研究。结果表明:增加包衣层质量(厚度)和添加密封剂皆可以延长肥效期,包衣层质量比为10%、15%、20%时,肥效期分别为8 d、9 d和12 d;表面喷涂密封剂后,肥效期可延长3 d;施用生物质炭包衣尿素的CP3处理与施用普通尿素的CP1处理相比,玉米在株高、茎粗及各产量构成要素方面均有显著提高,产量提升14.6%。

Five kinds of slow-released multifunctional biochar coated ureas were prepared mainly with corn straw biochar and binder modified vegetable oil. 25 ℃ constant water dissolution rate method and corn pot cultured experi- ment was used to study the release performance of fertilizer nutrient and the fertilizer effect. The results showed that increasing the quality of coating layer （thickness） and adding sealant could be applied to extend the period of supply- ing nutrient, when the coating layer weight ratio were 10%, 15%, 20%, the fertilizer effective period were 8, 9 and 12 days, respectively. The period can be extended 3 days by spraying sealant on the surface. Compared with urea treatment CP1, the plant height, stem diameter and yield component of maize of coated urea treatment CP3 were better, which the maize grain yield increased by 14.6%.