理性配置社会治理手段及功能——刑事制裁扩张问题的探讨

Means and Functions of Rational Allocation of Social Governance:On the Expansion of Criminal Sanction

刑事制裁扩张问题及其在社会治理中的地位和功能的发挥,是当前社会治理中的热点问题。近年的刑法修正案,更多地体现在社会经济秩序和管理秩序的行为调整和介入,刑法前置化趋势显现。而在社会治理手段功能中,是固守刑法的事后法、保障法的功能和边界,还是追捧刑法前置对社会治理的提前介入的刑事制裁扩张,将引发后置法可能挤占前置法的功能空间而兼具管理法、治理法之嫌的趋势,必将引发对社会治理手段配置的理性思考。常态性的社会治理主体和手段的多元化,因社会的急功近利和缺乏耐心而受到旁置。在这一现实可能性前,更应重视理性配置社会治理手段和功能,从法律和事实层面摆正公共政策、社会管理及刑事政策、制裁手段的地位和层次,建构社会治理的长治目标。犯罪治理中犯罪预防的二元结构战略和策略体系,则应在社会治理中得到重视和应用。

The position and function of the expansion of criminal sanction in the social governance is a hot issue in current social governance. The amendments to the Criminal Law in recent years have increasingly re- fleeted behavior regulation and mediation over social economic order and management order, an obvious indica- tor of advance intervening of criminal law. Among the means and functions of social governance, sticking to penalty after consequences thus guaranteeing the functions and boundaries of laws or pursuing the expansion of criminal sanctions by advance intervening of criminal laws over social governance triggers rational thinking about the appropriate allocation of the means of social governance. As the normal principal part of social governance and multi-polarized means may be weakened as a result of social eagerness for quick success and instant bene- fits and lack of patience, it is all the more important to highlight the rational allocation of the means and func- tions of social governance. It is essential to put in the right places the positions and levels of public policies, social management and criminal policies and the means of sanctions in order to set a long-term goal for social governance. The dualistic structure of tactic and strategic system of criminal prevention in the criminal govern- ance should be underscored and adopted in social governance.