新形势下北京农业科技服务体系建设研究

Construction of Beijing agricultural science and technology extension service system under the new situation

科技在农业现代化进程发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用,加强农业科技服务体系建设,对促进城乡资源互动,推动农业现代化、工业化与城镇化的协调发展具有重要意义。在对北京农业科技服务体系开展专项调研的基础上,分析北京农业面临的形势,探讨建设农业科技服务体系对推动农业发展的转型升级中的重要作用。结果表明,北京农业发展面临着资源约束和成本压力不断增大、城乡消费结构的升级和农业功能更加多元、市场竞争和农民增收压力加大等新形势。北京市农业科技服务体系的人员队伍完备、服务方式方法不断创新、服务水平不断提高、服务主体不断壮大、保障水平增强,但也存在部分主体服务效率偏低、农业科技服务内容需跟进、社会化服务组织发育不充分、农业科技服务受体信息素养水平低、机制体制有待进一步创新等问题。因此,为加快推进农业科技创新与推广,发挥农业科技在北京城乡一体化进程中的引领和支撑作用,从政策引导、重点发展、产学研联合、政府购买公益性服务、人员素质、科技服务协同创新模式等6个方面提出了针对性的对策建议。

Science and technology play a more and more important role in the development of agricultural modernization. It is important to enhance the construction of agricultural science and technology extension service system to promote resource interaction between urban and rural areas and the coordinated development of agricultural modernization, industrialization and urbanization. On the basis of special research of agricultural science and technology service system in Beijing, this study analyzed the situation of Beijing agriculture and discussed the important role of the agricultural science and technology extension service system to promote the transformation and upgrading of agricultural development. Results show that facing some challenges, such as resource constraints and increasing cost pressure, urgent need of upgrading the consumption structure between urban and rural areas, diverse functions of agriculture, market competition, and the pressure of increasing farmers＇ income, agricultural development in Beijing has already established some advantages, including complete personnel team of agricultural extension service system, continuous innovations of service methods, improved service levels, and strong servicing agencies. However, there are a few areas that the agricultural development in Beijing need to improve, such as low efficiency of the services, the lack of practical of contents, insufficient development of social service organizations and insufficient education levels of the service recipients, and the imperfect service mechanism system. To accelerate agricultural science and technology innovation and implementation, the paper provides the countermeasures and suggestions from six perspectives, including policy guidance, setting development priorities, the collaboration of production, research and extension, government purchasing public welfare services, personnel quality, and collaborative innovation model of science and technology extension service.