年龄相关的腰椎小关节三维角度的变化规律

Age-related changes in three-dimensional angle of lumbar facet joints

目的研究腰椎小关节横断面、冠状面及矢状面方向随着时间变化规律。方法选取250例无腰椎疾病的人员为研究对象。均采用X线及CT检查，在3个平面上测量L3～L4、L4～L5、L5～S1小关节角度。结果在横断面，腰椎小关节角及前内侧角随着年龄增大而减小，后外侧角无明显变化；在冠状面上，腰椎小关节角随年龄增大而减小；在矢状面上，46岁以后，腰椎小关节角逐渐增大。结论随着年龄增长，在横断面：腰椎小关节逐渐矢状化；冠状面，腰椎小关节逐渐竖直向；矢状面，腰椎小关节逐渐水平化。腰椎小关节随时间变化规律，为临床腰椎小关节置换提供参考数据。

Objective To study the age-related changes of the lumbar facet joints in axial, coronal and sagittal plane. Methods Subjects of 250 patients without lumbar disease were selected as the research objects. All patients received X-ray and CT scanning. The facet angles at L3-L4, L4-L5 and LS-S1 were measured in axial, sagittal and coronal plane. Results The lumbar facet joint angle and the anterior medial angle decreased with age, and no significant changes were found in the posterior lateral angle in axial and coronal plane. In the sagittal plane, the lumbar facet joint angle gradually increased after 46 years old. Conclusions The lumbar facet angles were more sagittal in axial plane, more erect in coronal plane and more level in sagittal plane as the age increases. Lumbar facet joint changes with time provide reference data for clinical lumbar facet joint replacement.