儒释之间:唐宋时期中国哲学思想的发展特征——以儒学的佛化与佛教的儒化为中心

Between Confucianism and Buddhism:The Characteristics of Chinese Philosophical Thoughts in Tang-Song Period——Centered on the Buddhist Intention of Confucianism and Confucianization of Buddhism

佛教传入东土以后,中国固有学术传统得其裨助,经过自唐迄宋的消化吸收,遂有儒家理学与心学别开生面的崭新发展。由此,不仅儒家自身彻上彻下的形上哲学义理世界得以建立,儒、道、释三家和合互动的学术生态格局亦逐渐形成,中国文化力求妥善安顿人之精神生命的特征与能力进一步强化。两宋大儒多与宗门禅德相往返,禅学实际上成为他们体道、证道的入门初阶,这既是当时"三教合一"历史潮流的具体表现,亦反映了华夏传统学术作为人类体认宇宙人生真谛之智慧成就在心灵安顿乃至宗教层面的文化调适功能。

Since the Tang and Song Dynasties,the Chinese academic tradition had benefited from the introduction of Buddhism,and then got the new development of Neo-Confucianism and li xue.From there,not only was the metaphysical and moral world of Confucianism established,the harmonious and interactive academic ecology among Confucianism,Buddhism,and Taoism also gradually formed.The characteristics and capability of Chinese culture striving to make sense of the spiritual life of human beings were further strengthened.The great Confucianists in the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties often associated with the Chan masters,and in fact Chan philosophy acted as their starting guide to experience and prove the Dao,which showed the historical trend of syncretism of Confucianism,Buddhism,and Taoism,and also reflected the function on cultural adaption of traditional Chinese academics in the aspects of soul settlement and even religious need as a kind of intellectual achievement about the human being understanding the essence of universe and life.