“新闻侵权”、“媒体(介)侵权”抑或“传播侵权”——媒体传播行为侵权概念法律化问题研究

News Tort,Media Tort or Communication Tort:Concept Legalization of Tort in Media Communication Behavior

出于对传播法功能的替代考虑及从媒体传播行为侵权诉讼现状及特点出发,有必要对此类侵权进行专门、系统性的法律规制,而其前提之一是对此类侵权行为的科学的概念界定。在界定媒体传播行为侵权的概念中,"新闻侵权"、"媒体(介)侵权"都有语法语义问题及落后于媒介发展、诉讼实践的局限性。"传播侵权"从此类行为的特征入手,比从行为主体入手更能揭示其本质特征,且包容性强、更符合媒介发展趋势及诉讼实践。如果《侵权责任法》规定传播侵权的框架性内容,则其可吸收第三十六条中有关网络传播侵权的内容。

Viewing on the status and characteristic of current litigation in media communication, it is necessary to give special and systematic regulation to this kind of tort on the basis of scientific conception. Defects including semanteme and development lag relative to media development and litigation, exists in the concepts defining the tort of media communication, such as news tort and media tort. Communication tort can disclose substantive characteristics of the behavior, and has the ability of reveling essence, high compatibility and fitting the media development tendency.Communication tort can absorb net tort stipulated in article 36 if it is set in Tort Liability Law.