变壁厚吸能盒轴向载荷下压溃实验

Collapse experiment of crush box with variable wall thickness under axial load

以碰撞吸能部件——吸能盒为研究对象,利用差厚板制成不同截面形状的新型变壁厚吸能盒,通过控制壁厚变化来控制压溃顺序和吸能增量,取消了原有诱导槽的设计和加工工序。通过压溃实验对其在轴向载荷下的压溃过程进行实验研究,选取失效模式、初始峰值、平均载荷和比耗能4个指标,研究了截面形状对变壁厚吸能盒变形行为的影响。研究结果发现:变壁厚管的截面边数越多,周向受力越均匀,失效模式就越倾向于对称模式,变形越稳定;平均载荷和比耗能等参数随着截面边数的增加而加大;管截面对称程度高时压溃的初始峰值较大。

For energy-absorbing part by collision,namely the crush box,the new crush boxes with variable wall thickness were made as different sections by TRB（ Tailor Rolled Blank）,and the collapse order and the increment of crush were controlled by changing the wall thickness of boxes instead of designing derivational grooves and process procedure. Furthermore,the collapse process was studied under axial load by the collapse experiment,and the influences of sections on the deformation characteristics of crush boxes with variable wall thickness were studied by choosing failure modes,initial peak value,average load and the specific absorbing consumption as objects. The research results show that the more the numbers of sectional edges are,the more uniform the action forces are,and the failure mode is more inclined to the symmetric mode,so the deformation is more stable. However,the average load and specific absorbing consumption increase with increase of the numbers of sectional edges,but the initial peak value of crash becomes large when the tube with symmetric degree is high.