8种治疗胃癌常用抗肿瘤药物致不良反应病例报告分析

Adverse Drug Reaction Analysis for Eight Kinds of Antitumor Drugs in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer

目的：探讨氟尿嘧啶、卡培他滨、表柔比星、顺铂、伊立替康、紫杉醇、奥沙利铂和多西他赛致不良反应（ADR）的规律及特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：采用回顾性研究方法,检索国内外发表的关于氟尿嘧啶、卡培他滨、表柔比星、顺铂、伊立替康、紫杉醇、奥沙利铂和多西他赛治疗胃癌致ADR病例报告,并就收集的ADR信息进行统计和分析。结果：最终纳入306篇文献,合计511例患者、663例次ADR。男女性别比例为1.30∶1,41-60岁有227例（占比48.19%）。ADR的临床表现主要以胃肠系统损害（273例次,占比41.18%）、心血管系统损害（156例次,占比23.53%）、呼吸系统损害（76例次,占比11.46%）较为多见,临床症状列前5位的分别是恶心（82例次）、呕吐（78例次）、骨髓抑制（69例次）、腹泻（52例次）和消化系统反应（41例次）。49.90%的患者在用药30 min内出现ADR,多数患者经对症治疗后均可好转或痊愈。结论：临床治疗胃癌时应针对易发生ADR的性别、年龄和累及器官系统等角度进行充分评估后给予患者用药,以减少ADR的发生。

OBJECTIVE： To explore the reules and characleristics of ADR reduced by fluorouracil, capecitabine, epirubicin, cisplatin, irinotecan, paclitaxel, oxaliplatin and docetaxel for patients with gastric cancer. METHODS： The Chinese and English lit- eratures about the reports of fluorouracil, capecitabine, epirubicin, cisplatin, irinotecan, paclitaxel, oxaliplatin and docetaxel in the treatment of gastric cancer were extracted, and statistical analysis was carried out for the included studies. RESULTS： Totally 306 were chosen, including 511 patients involving 663 cases. The ration of male to female was 1.30：1,227 cases aged 41-60 years old （accounting for 48.19% ）, ADR mainly included gastrointestinal damage （273 cases, accounting for 41.18% ）, cardiovascular system damage（ 156 cases, accounting for 23.5% ）, respiratory system（76 cases, accounting for 11.46% ）, mainly fifth were nausea （82 cases）, vomiting （78 cases）, bone marrow suppression （69 cases）, diarrhea （52 cases） and digestive system reaotions （41 cases）. 49.90% patients showed drug adverse reactions within 30 minutes, most patients were improved to heal. CONCLUSIONS： Prompt medical workers pay attention to patients age, sex, and the accumulative system in treatment with stomach cancer , reduce the occurrence of adverse drug reactions.