不同时间中等强度体育锻炼对初中生执行功能和学业成绩影响的实验研究

The Experimental Study about Impact of Different Moderate Intensity Exercise Time on Executive Function and Academic Achievementof Junior High School Students

目的:研究不同时间中等强度体育锻炼对初中生执行功能与学业成绩的影响,并采用路径分析方法探讨执行功能在体育锻炼与学业成绩关系中所起的作用。方法:按照方便取样的原则选取扬州市某中学初二年级5个教学班共250名学生作为实验对象,采用随机抽样的方式分为4个实验班和1个对照班,进行不同时间中等强度体育锻炼的干预,实验干预持续8周。实验前后对所有被试的执行功能和学业成绩进行测量,执行功能测量采用E-prime系统在计算机上完成,学业成绩采用被试实验前后的两次期末考试的学业成绩。结果:(1)不同时间中等强度体育锻炼对初中生执行功能整体、抑制功能和转换功能具有显著影响,对刷新功能没有显著影响;(2)在45min体育锻炼中累积27±1.35min中等运动强度的初中生,语文、数学和英语的学业成绩均有提高且效果最好,但不同时间中等强度体育锻炼对初中生的语文、数学和英语学业成绩影响没有显著差异;(3)在45min体育锻炼中累积22.5±1.35min、27±1.35min中等运动强度的学生,执行功能的转换功能对学业成绩的间接效应具有显著性。结论:(1)中等强度体育锻炼的累积时间达到20min以上对初中生抑制功能和转换功能的效益最为显著;(2)持续8周、每周3次、每次累积持续25min左右的中等运动强度体育锻炼对初中生学业成绩具有积极影响;(3)体育锻炼主要通过执行功能的转换功能对学业成绩产生影响。

Objective：This research studys the effects of different moderate intensity exercise time on executive function and academic achievement of junior high school students,then, to further studys the executive function in Physical training and academic achieve- ment in the path analysis method, Subjects and Methods： On the principle of easier to get samples, the researchers choose 250 grade two junior students in five parallel classes in Yangzhou as subjects, then five classes are randomly divided into four experimental class and a control class by ballot manner. The experimental intervention lasts for 8 weeks. The academic performance and executive function are tested before and after the experiment, the latter measuring the E - prime system on the computer to complete. Researching results： （1）Different time of moderate intensity exercise on junior middle school students perform whole function, suppression function and conversion functions, has a significant effect, the refresh functionno significant effect. （2）In 45min physical exercise, accumulated 27± 1.35min of moderate intensity exercise can improve the junior high school students＇ grades of Chinese.Mathematics and English , and effectively better than other group. （3） For junior high school students , accumulated 22. 5 ± 1.35min. 27 ± 1.35min of moderate intensity in 45min physical exercise can make a significant indirect effect of executive function of conversion function on academic achievement. Researching conclusions： （ 1 ） The accumulation of moderate intensity exercise time reached more than 20 minutes can effectively best on inhibition function and transformation function to the junior high school students. （2）Lasting eight weeks,three times per week , cumulative for 25 minutes of moderate intensity exercise has a positive influence on academic achievement to junior high school students. （3） Physical exercise mainly through the executive function of the conversion function take effect on the academic achievement.