急性缺血性卒中患者认知损害的危险因素

Risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with acute ischemic stroke

大多数缺血性卒中患者在急性期已有认知损害的表现，以执行功能障碍为主，兼见多个认知域的损害。认知损害的表现和转归与多种因素有关，包括高龄、低教育水平、女性、种族、基因等人口统计学差异；卒中前认知水平；梗死灶的部位、大小、数量、梗死次数等梗死特点；脑血管、非脑血管等血管因素；以及既往史、药物使用史、心理状况、生活方式等其他因素。对相关危险因素进行分析有助于深入理解急性缺血性卒中对认知功能的影响，为后期认知恢复和血管性痴呆的二级预防提供借鉴。

The majority of patients with ischemic stroke in acute phase have had cognitive impairment, it is mainly executive dysfunction, and also many cognitive domain damages can be observed. The manifestations of cognitive impairment and outcomes are ＂related to many factors, including advanced age, low education level, female, race, we and other demographic differences; coaitive level before stroke; infarct size, size, quantity, number of infarction and other infarction characteristics; cerebrovascular and non- cerebrovascular factors; as well as previous history, history of drug use, psychological status, lifestyle and other factors. The analysis of relative risk factors contribute to deep understanding the influence of acute ischemic stroke on cognitive function, and provide reference for late cognitive recovery and the secondary prevention of vascular dementia.