论象征的生成机制:从分类到类比

On Generation Mechanism of Symbol: from Classification to Analogy

象征的生成过程包含两个连续的环节。首先,分类机制建立起社会知识体系,并为象征物和象征本体的并置提供客观环境。在此环节中,人类的思维活动对并置的形成产生重要影响,尤其是"集体无意识"发挥着起点和基准的作用。其次,类比机制以象征物和象征本体各自具有的属性为类比对象,实现前者对后者的表达,从而完成象征关系的建构。类比机制所具有的有限性、间接性和漫射性等特征导致了象征意义的复杂性,这种复杂性奠定了象征在人类的社会文化和政治生活中的关键地位。

The generation process of symbol includes two continuous sections. First,the social knowledge system created by the classification mechanism provides an objective environment for the juxtaposition of a symbol and its object. In this section,the human mind has an important influence on the formation of the juxtaposition,especially in which the collective unconsciousness acts as the starting point and criterion. Second,based on the analogy mechanism between the attributes in a symbol and its object,the symbol proper stands for symbol object,therefore establishing a symbolic relation. The finiteness,indirection and diffuseness of the analogy mechanism lead to the complexity of symbolic meanings which sets up the key position of symbols in the human social culture and political life.