结构性约束与主体性建构:社会工作者的职业认同

Structural Constraint and Subjective Construction of Social Workers' Professional Identification

社会工作者是社会治理的重要参与者,也是社会服务的主要提供者,其职业认同关系到社会工作的行业发展和社会建设的有序推进。社会工作者的职业认知和职业实践,从一个侧面折射出中国社会工作的职业化、专业化和本土化进程。职业认同是一个在客观情境下通过职业实践和社会互动形成主观感受和评价的建构过程。这个过程是动态的、未完成的,并随着社会工作职业的不断发展而出现新的变化。从整合性的视角来看,结构性约束是社会工作者职业认同的体制环境,而主体性建构则是社会工作者职业认同的行业动力。作为社会工作职业发展的强势外在推力,政学两界既是动力又是约束,拷问着社工行业的自主性和主体性。外界推力一旦消失或减弱,社会工作行业的持续发展何以可能,是一个值得深入思考的重要命题。

Social workers are important participants of social governance,and they are also the major providers of social services. What's more,their professional identity is contributed to the further development of social work industry and the advancement of social construction. The professional cognition and practice of social workers reflects the professionalization,specialization and localization of social work in China from one side. As a strong external driving force in the development of social work,the governments and academia are both power and constraint,torturing the autonomy and subjectivity of social work industry. It is an important proposition worthy of deep thinking that how it is possible for sustaining development of social work industry if the external impetus thrust weakens.