肥胖儿童下肢运动规律及步态特征的研究

Study on low limbs motion and gait characteristics of obese children

利用Codamotion运动捕捉系统和Footscan足底压力测试系统，对111名7～11岁之间无明显身体缺陷和步行障碍的儿童进行测试，根据儿童的BMI指数，选取10组肥胖儿童及10组年龄、身高相仿的正常儿童，进行数据分析，研究其步行运动中，踝关节角度、膝关节角度、躯体前倾角度和头部前倾角度的周期性变化及差异，并分析其足底压力中心轨迹及步态时相的变化规律。研究结果表明：在摆动早期，肥胖儿童膝关节角度明显小于正常儿童；在前掌着地期，与正常儿童相比，肥胖儿童膝关节角度较小，膝关节曲挠程度较小；肥胖儿童的足底压力中心轨迹在x轴的变化范围，比正常儿童范围广，且沿足外侧方向的位移较大，说明肥胖儿童在行走过程中的稳定性较差，更易造成儿童时期的生理性足外翻。

111 children aged 7 - 11 years and without foot diseases were recruited. The participants were classified into obese group and normal group according to Body Mass Index （BMI）. Ten normal children whose age and height were matched to the obese children were chosen as the control group. The change of ankle joint angles, knee joint angles, trunk forerake angles and head forerake angles of two groups were recorded by Codamotion three - dimensional capture system during walking, and the gait cycles and dynamic pressure center trails of feet were obtained by Footscan plantar pressure system. Results show that knee joint angles of obese children are significantly smaller than that of normal children in initial swing phase. Knee joint angles of obese children are significantly smaller than that of normal children in forefoot contact phase. Obese children move more widely than nor- mal children along COP - x, especially the outward displacement. It can be speculated that the stability of obese children is poor during their walking and they would be at an increased risk for physiological sufficient evaginate.