基于主成分分析的水培芹菜最佳钾浓度筛选

Certification in Optimum of Potassium Concentration Applied to Hydroponic Celery Based on Principal Component Analysis

钾(K)元素是营养液中的大量元素之一,K浓度会影响水培芹菜的品质、产量、各元素的吸收利用。该试验以"四季香毛"芹菜为试材,基于植物工厂水培芹菜试验,利用主成分分析的多元统计方法分析了K浓度为2、3、4、5、6mmol·L^(-1)的营养液配方对芹菜产量、品质、主要营养元素利用效率及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:5mmol·L^(-1)处理产量显著高于其它处理;6mmol·L^(-1)处理硝酸盐含量最低、维生素C含量最高;营养液水分利用效率最高的处理是3mmol·L^(-1),所有元素的利用效率均在K浓度较低时比较高;对产量、品质、主要营养元素利用效率和水分利用效率进行主成分分析,提取2个主成分,贡献率达到89.36%,具有一致的代表性,计算综合得分,6mmol·L^(-1)处理最高,为2.008。因此适合芹菜水培的山崎配方营养液最佳K浓度应提高到6mmol·L^(-1),有利于提高产量和元素利用效率并改善芹菜品质。

As the macro-element in nutrient solution, potassium levels directly influence the yield, quality and utilization efficiency of hydroponic celery. Using multivariate statistical method of principal components analysis, this research studied the impacts to the four targets of hydroponic celery, cultivated in plant factory, by potassium levels of 2,3,4, 5, 6 mmol·L-1 respectively. The results showed that the raw weight of treatment 5 mmol·L-1 was significantly greater than others,and the least content of nitrate and highest content of vitamin C appeared in 6 mmol·L-1 , while water utilization efficiency in 3 mmol·L-1. The utilization efficiency of all elements obtained a higher level when dealt with relatively dense concentration of potassium. The principal components analysis about yield, quality, element and water utilization efficiency obtained a contribution rate 89. 36% with two principal components. The treatment 6 mmol·L-1 possessed the highest comprehensive score of 2. 008 ,which indicated that the potassium concentration around 6 mmol·L-1 prepared in nutrient solution would gain a preferable yield, quality, element and water utilization efficiency of hydroponic celery.