不同施肥方法对毛豆温室气体排放、产量及品质的影响

Effect of Different Fertilization Treatments on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yield,Quality of Soybean

以毛豆为试材,采用大田小区试验,综合分析了单施化肥(H)、有机肥配施化肥(HY)、秸秆堆肥配施化肥(HJ)3个处理对CH4、CO_2和N2O等3种温室气体排放规律、毛豆产量和品质的影响。结果表明:HJ处理增加了CH4排放量,分别比HY和H平均增加了18.42%和32.35%;毛豆生长季节H、HY、HJ处理CO_2的季节累积排放量分别为:1 197.90、1 173.60、1 183.86kg·hm^(-2),各处理的差异不显著;H处理显著增加了N2O排放量,较HJ、HY增加了37.5%和35.09%。HY、HJ处理较H处理分别增产7.31%和6.72%。HY、HJ处理毛豆中维生素C、可溶性糖、蛋白质含量与H处理相比分别提高11.47%、9.18%,12.80%、12.60%,12.41%、10.15%。综合考量增温潜势(GWP)、温室气体排放强度(GHGI)、产量及品质等指标,HJ、HY处理能明显降低温室气体增温潜势及排放强度,提高毛豆的产量及品质。

Soybean was used as material, the effect of chemical fertilizer （H）, organic-inorganic complex fertilizers （HY） and straw combination with chemical fertilizer （HJ） on the emissions of greenhouse gas, soybean yield and quality was studied under an equal amount of nitrogen fertilizer. The results showed that for the greenhouse emission, CH4 seasonal emission flux of HJ increased 18. 42%,32. 35% than HY and H. CO2 season cumulative emissions fluxes of H, HJ and HYwas 1197.90 kg·hm-2,1 173.60 kg· hm 2,1 183. 86 kg·hm-2,the differences of treatments were not significant. N2O season cumulative emissions flux of H compared with HJ, HY was higher by 37.5% and 35. 09%. During soybean planting,the yield and quality of HY, HJ treatments were higher than H treatment,the yield increased 7. 31% and 6. 72 %;the vitamin C,the protein content and the soluble sugar content were respectively increased 11.47 and 9. 18 %, 12. 80% and 12.60%, 12. 41% and 10. 15%. A comprehensive consideration of the comprehensive effect of greenhouse gas （GWP）,greenhouse gas emissions intensity （GHGI）,soybean yield and quality index： straw combination with chemical fertilizer could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve the yield and quality of soybean. As the largest renewable resource on earth, straw returning could improve ecological and economic benefits and reduce greenhouse gas emissions at the same time.