植物源杀虫剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫毒力及应用价值评价

Toxicity of Botanic Insecticide to Bradysia odoriphaga Larvae and Application Value Assessment

以韭菜迟眼蕈蚊为试虫,采用药液定量滴加法及盆栽试验,研究了4种植物源药剂对韭蛆幼虫毒力及亚致死剂量效应。结果表明:印楝素、莨菪碱、烟碱和苦参碱对韭蛆幼虫毒力较高,其毒力与阿维菌素差异不大。苦参碱和印楝素亚致死剂量处理试虫的存活率均降低,并抑制成虫产卵,成虫产卵率下降;此外,苦参碱和印楝素处理的幼虫发育历期较对照和辛硫磷也显著延长。盆栽试验证明,植物源杀虫剂对韭蛆有一定的控制作用,并且半剂量噻虫胺与印楝素混用对韭蛆控制起到明显的增效作用,而噻虫胺与烟碱混用对韭蛆控制无明显的增效作用。因此,推荐生产中采用噻虫胺与印楝素混用,共同控制韭蛆。

In order to assess the application value of botanic insecticide on Bradysia odoriphaga, taking Bradysia odoriphaga as test insect and by using quantity adding method and the pot experiment, the toxicity of four kinds of botanic insecticide to Bradysia odoriphaga larvae and the sublethal effect were measured. The results showed that the toxicity of Azadirachtin, Hyoscyamine, Nicotine and Matrine to Bradysia odoriphaga larvae were high, which were the same as Abamectin. When the sublethal dosage of Matrine and Azadirachtin treated larvaes, the larval survival rate declined, and the treatment inhibited the female reproduction, and spawning rate declined. Moreover, the larval development time prolonged compared with control and the phoxim treatment. The pot experiment showed that botanic insecticide expressed a satisfying effect on Bradysia odoriphaga larvae, and the mixture of the half dosage of Clothianidin and Azadiraehtin exhibited a synergistic effect on Bradysia odoriphaga, but Clothianidin and Nicotine had no the same effect. In conclusion,the mixture of Clothianidin and Azadirachtin could be used to control the Bradysia odoriphaga in the field.