184例过敏性鼻炎-哮喘综合征患者的肺功能分析及流行病学调查

Lung Function Analysis of Epidemiological Survey of 184 Patients with Combined Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Syndrome

目的:调查贵阳市过敏性鼻炎-哮喘综合征的流行病学情况,探讨过敏性鼻炎对肺功能的影响。方法:184例明确诊断为支气管哮喘患者,根据是否合并过敏性鼻炎分为综合组和单纯哮喘组,记录两组患者例数、性别比、年龄、鼻炎史、哮喘史、支气管哮喘严重程度及过敏性鼻炎分级,采用哮喘控制测试(ACT)评分评估支气管哮喘控制水平,采用spearman法对过敏性鼻炎分级及哮喘严重程度进行相关性分析;比较两组患者呼气峰流速(PEF)、最大呼气流量(MEF50%、MEF75%),呼吸阻力(R20)等肺功能指标。结果:两组患者在性别、年龄和支气管哮喘病史比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),综合组患者的哮喘史明显短于单纯哮喘组,ACT评分明显低于单纯哮喘组(P<0.05);过敏性鼻炎程度增加、则支气管严重程度也增加;spearman相关分析显示过敏性鼻炎严重程度与支气管哮喘严重程度呈明显正相关(r=0.644,P<0.05);综合组患者PEF、MEF75%和MEF50%显著低于单纯哮喘组,呼吸阻力(R20)高于单纯哮喘组(P<0.05)。结论:过敏性鼻炎-哮喘综合征患者的哮喘严重程度高于单纯支气管哮喘患者,过敏性鼻炎的存在降低了患者的肺通气功能。

Objective：To study the epidemiology of combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome in Guiyang City,and to clarify the effect of allergic rhinitis on lung function. Methods：An epidemio-logical survey of combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome and pulmonary function test on 184 patients with bronchial asthma in Guiyang city were carried out to,then divided into general group and simple asthma group according to whether combined allergic rhinitis. Recording number of cases,gen-der ratio,age,disease history,asthma history,severity of bronchial asthma,allergic rhinitis stratifica-tion. Adopting ACT to evaluate bronchial asthma control level,adopting Spearman method to analyze the correlation between allergic rhinitis stratification and severity of bronchial asthma. Comparing lung function indexes such as PEF,MEF50%,MEF75%,R20 of both groups. Results：In terms of gen-der,age and history of asthma,differences were not statistically significant（P〉0. 05）,asthma histo-ry of general group was obviously shorter than simple asthma group,ACT score was obviously lower than simple asthma group（P〈0. 05）;severity of bronchial asthma was increased,and bronchial se-verity was also increased;Spearman relevance analysis showed that severity of allergic rhinitis is posi-tive correlated with severity of bronchial asthma（ r = 0. 644,P 〈 0. 05 ）;PEF,MEF75% and MEF50% of patients of general group were obviously lower than simple asthma group,R20 was higher than simple asthma group（ P〈0 . 05 ）. Conclusion：The level of asthma in patients with combined al-lergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome was significantly lower than that in patients with simple bronchial asthma,and the presence of allergic rhinitis decreased the lung ventilation function.