《李棠阶日记》所见武术史料研究

Analysis on Important Wushu Historical Martials in Li tangjie's Diary

《李棠阶日记》前后跨度32年,记述范围十分庞杂,是一本具有百科全书性质的重要历史文献。该书对研究民俗、科举、士大夫修养、太平天国运动等均具有重要的价值。就中华民族传统体育而言,《李棠阶日记》记述的内容亦十分丰富,这些记述资料对我们研究传统养生、武举、射箭、贯跤等亦有着极为重要的价值。尤其引起我们注意的是,李棠阶在日记中多次提及内弟、和式太极拳的创始人和兆元,另外对武术的境界、陈式太极拳大师陈仲甡、陈季甡的武功亦有所提及。依据这些新发现的材料我们得知1838年,李棠阶在与仁叔张槐荫探讨武学境界的时候,张槐荫就提出了与1852年《太极拳谱》中"神明"阶段相类似的"拳勇以虚灵为妙用,因人之力制人,不参己力,可悟圣学"的观点;1853年,陈仲甡、陈季甡在陈家沟以少胜多抗击太平军的事情是存在的,但《陈氏家谱》中的记载、陈家沟的传说存在夸张的成分;和兆元进入北京的时间是1862年而不应是1839年。

Abstact：With the complex and elaborate discribtion,Li tangjie＇s Diary covers thirty-two years of history,it can be an important historical document with characteristic of encyclopedic.The book has a significant value for the research about folk -custom,the imperial examination system,the literati and officialdom,and the Taiping Rebellion.Futhermore,there also contains very rich contents about the chinese traditional sports,hav-ing great value on the study of traditional health-keeping,military examination,archery,and wrestling. What is particular noteworth is that,in this diary,Li tangjie repeatedly mentioned not only his brother-in-law,He zhaoyuan,who created He Style Tai Chi,but also the Wushu State,and the skill of Chen zhongshen and Chen jishen,both are masters of Chen style Tai Chi.Based on these new-found material,we learned that in 1838,when talking about the Wushu issue with LijietangZhang,Li huaiyin proposed that“boxing should be dexterous as superior,fighting with others according to people＇s own charateristics,while people can understand the saint theory if no giving their own strengeth”,which similared to “the level of god”mentioned in the Tai Chi Spectrum;it was really existing but somehow exaggerated,that in 1853,Chen zhongshen and Chen jishen defeated taiping troops with a force inferior in number;it was not in 1839 but the year of 1862,when He zhaoyuan entered Beijing.