一个高速、低DCR SPAD设计与仿真

Design and simulation of A high-speed low DCR SPAD

采用有源淬灭和有源复位电路,设计一种全集成高速、低暗计数率(DCR)单光子雪崩二极管探测器(SPAD)。与被动式淬灭电路相比,该结构通过减小流过SPAD的雪崩电荷,以减少后脉冲、热激发以及二次雪崩的概率,它可在纳秒级内反馈关断雪崩并准备好下一次探测,因而具有更快的相位转换速度、更少的计数损失和更高的灵敏度,非常适用于高速、高灵敏度的光子探测领域。仿真时采用SPAD的SPICE简化模型和MATLAB增强模型,综合考虑瞬态特性和暗记数率特性。

Active quenching and reset circuits were adopted to design a fully-intetrated high speed low DCR （Dark Count Rate） single-photon avalanche diode detector （SPAD）. Compared with the passive quenching circuits, its structure had advantages of decreasing the avalance charge to minimize the probability of after-pulsing, thermal activation and second avalance, so it could feedback and turn off avalance effect in several nanoseconds,ready for next detection, which meaned faster transitions between different phases, less count losses and increased sensitivety, suitable for application in high speed and high sensitive photon detection field. Simulation was performed based on simplified model of SPAD, not only the DC characteristics but also the statistical model.