地统计学在茶园土壤养分空间变异研究中的应用

Application of Geostatistics on Soil Nutrient Spatial Variability in Tea Garden

以福建省茶叶核心产地安溪县为研究对象,应用地统计学中的半变量变异函数研究土壤养分空间变异。结果表明：土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量变异系数介于38.05%~86.48%,属中等变异水平;土壤养分含量总体不高,有机质含量主要集中在Ⅱ、Ⅲ级水平,碱解氮含量集中在Ⅲ、Ⅳ级水平,有效磷Ⅰ级水平所占比例与Ⅳ、Ⅴ级水平相近,速效钾含量主要集中在Ⅳ、Ⅴ级水平;土壤有机质、碱解氮和速效钾的最佳拟合模型为指数模型,有效磷的最佳拟合模型是球状模型,其块金系数分别为88.5%、88.2%、85.8%、93.9%。基于以上结果,研究区茶园应适当增施钾肥,合理施加磷肥。

The Anxi county,which is the key tea producing site of Fujian Province was chosen as the study object,and the soil nutrient spatial variability was determined by semi-variable variogram in the geostatistics. The results showed： 1The range of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium concentration coefficient of variation are between 38. 05 % to 86. 48 %,the value belongs to the variation of middle level. 2 In general,soil nutrient concentration is not high. Among these nutrient concentration,organic matter concentration mainly concentrates in Ⅱ or Ⅲ grade level,and available nitrogen concentration concentrates in Ⅲ or Ⅳ grade level,however,proportion of available phosphorus concentration ia in Ⅰ grade level and similar to Ⅳ or Ⅴ grade level,and available K concentration focuses on Ⅳ or Ⅴ grade level. 3 Soil organic matter,available nitrogen and available potassium are better fitting the exponential model,and available phosphorus is better fitting the spherical model. Moreover,nugget coefficients are 88. 5 %,88. 2 %,85. 8 %,93. 9 %. Based on the above results,it is very important to properly increase the potassium and phosphorus fertilizer during the tea garden management in future.