根系互作影响玉米大豆间作作物氮吸收

Nitrogen Absorption of Crops Affected by Root Interaction in Maize and Soybean Intercropping

间作作物的养分吸收、地上部生物量都与根系密切相关。研究玉米大豆根系互作对养分吸收利用及地上部生物量的影响,可以为玉米大豆间作为主的间作体系中氮素高效利用提供科学依据。本研究通过盆栽模拟试验,采用玉米大豆根系无分隔(NB)、尼龙网分隔(MB)、塑料膜分隔(PB)等分隔方式,研究了间作玉米(苗期、拔节期、大喇叭口期、孕穗期、成熟期)、大豆(苗期、分枝期、结荚期、鼓粒期、成熟期)在不同生育期对土壤中氮素的吸收。与PB处理相比,NB处理玉米地上部氮素累积量在大喇叭口期提高了36.9%(P<0.05);与PB处理相比,MB处理玉米地上部氮素累积量在大喇叭口期提高了22.5%(P<0.05)。与PB处理相比,NB处理大豆地上部氮素累积量在苗期、分枝期、鼓粒期、成熟期分别提高了14.9%、7.9%、4.5%、11.6%(P>0.05)。与PB处理相比,MB处理大豆地上部氮素累积量在分枝期提高了29.9%(P<0.05)。与PB处理相比,NB、PB处理玉米经济产量分别提高了124%、93.4%(P<0.05);与PB处理相比,NB处理大豆经济产量有所降低,但无显著差异。根系互作提高了玉米的经济产量、不同器官氮素累积量,大豆的经济产量、氮素累积量则无根系互作优势。

The nutrient absorption and aboveground biomass of intercropping crops are closely related with the root. The objective of the study was to find out some proper combination of maize and soybean based on nutrient absorption and aboveground biomass and to provide a scientific basis for nitrogen absorption of maize and soybean intercropping. In this study, through pot experiment, by root interaction in maize and soybean intercropping with different root separation treatments, including no barrier （NB）, mesh barrier （MB） and polythene film barrier （PB）, there was studied intercropping maize （ seeding stage, jointing stage, large bell stage, booting stage and mature stage ）, soybean （ seeding stage, branching stage, podding stage, filling stage and mature stage） on the absorption of nitrogen in the soil in different growth period. The results showed that in comparison with PB, nitrogen absorption of maize aboveground with NB increased by 36.9% （ P 〈 0. 05 ） at large flare stage, compared with PB, nitrogen absorption of maize aboveground with MB increased by 22.5 % （P 〈 0. 05 ） at large flare stage. Compared with PB, nitrogen accumulation aboveground of soybean with MB at seeding stage, branching stage, filling stage, mature stage increased by 14.9%, 7.9%, 4. 5% and 11.6%, respectively （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Compared with PB, nitrogen accumulation aboveground of soybean with MB at branching stage increased by 29.9% （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Compared with PB, the economic yield of maize with NB and PB increased by 124% and 93.4% （P 〈 0. 05 ）, the economic yield of soybean de-creased with NB （P 〉 0.05 ）. The root interactions improve the economic yields of maize, the economic yields of soybean showed the root interaction of no advantages.