油棕花粉活力和贮藏性研究

Viability and Storage of Oil Palm Pollen

棕榈油是由油棕树的棕榈果压榨而成,是重要的食用油及工业用油。自然状态下,油棕的产量受到授粉率的制约。将油棕花粉在适宜的条件下贮存并保持其活力,在适当时间对油棕人工授粉对于提高油棕的产量有实际的意义。本研究运用培养基萌发法研究干燥时间、保存温度、培养温度和培养基成分对油棕花粉活力的影响。结果表明:油棕花粉保存的最佳条件为在38℃干燥36 h后保存于-20℃;油棕花粉萌发的最佳培养温度为35℃;适宜浓度的蔗糖和硼酸能促进花粉萌发,高浓度则抑制;硝酸钾的浓度对油棕花粉萌发没有显著影响。

Palm oil is an important form of edible and industrial oil obtained from the fruit of the oil palm. However, under natural conditions, the yield of oil palm is constrained by the pollination rate. It is of great significance to store the pollens of oil palm under proper conditions and pollinate the oil palm artificially to enhance the yield of oil palm. Culture medium germination method was used to analyze the effect of the drying time, storage temperature, germinating temperature and germinating medium composition on the viability of pollen of oil palm inflorescence. The results showed that the optimum pollen storage and germination conditions were that pollen collected was dried at 38 C for 36 hours and stored at-20 C and germinated at 35 C. Sucrose and boric acid promoted pollen germination at a proper concentration, but inhibited pollen germination at a higher concentration. The concentrations of potassium nitrate showed no significant impact on pollen germination.