运动技能类比学习研究

Study on the Analogical Learning of Motor Skill

类比学习是一种新的内隐学习方法,在运动技能学习领域得到广泛应用。采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法,对运动技能类比学习的特征、机制及其与外显学习的系统效应进行探讨,发现类比学习具有抗应激性、抗干扰性、自动性,并有利于决策任务的完成,这可能是因为类比学习较少占用工作记忆资源。类比学习与外显学习相结合产生协同效应,两者的最佳组合方式受任务性质、任务难度以及初学者年龄的影响,指出当前该领域研究的局限性以及今后的研究方向。

As a new mean to implicit learning, analogical learning has been widely used in motor learning. By using the methods of literature, logical analysis to explore the characteristic and mechanism of motor skill and the effect of explicit learning system, the result showed that analogical learning has characters of anti-stress, antiinterference, automatic and is conducive to the completion of decision-making tasks which may be due to the less occupation of working memory resources. The integration of analogical learning and explicit learning produces a synergistic effect. The optimal combination mode depends on the nature of the task, the difficulty degree of task and the age of learners. It pointed out limitations and the future research direction in this field as well.