19世纪新加坡华人秘密会党兴盛之原因探析——以社会心理学为考察视角

An Analysis of the Reasons for Singapore Chinese Secret Party's Thriving in the 19th Century from Social Psychology Perspective

19世纪新加坡的秘密会党在华人社会中获得快速发展,人员不断增多,学界对此现象关注已久,对其原因作出了各种解释。传入当地的会党,在人员构成上与中国天地会有所不同,前者的人员构成呈现两极分化的现象:上层富裕首领与底层贫穷民众,这种内部结构与当地华人社会内部人员分层状况具有高度一致性。在社会心理学的视角下加以分析,可以发现,华人普通民众对社会归属感的追求,华人上层人士为满足自我价值实现等发展性需要,是推动会党不断发展的主要原因之一。

Singapore＇s secret party develops rapidly in Chinese society in the 19 th century and its members increase constantly, and academic circles have paid close attention to the phenomenon for a long time and explain the reasons from many sides. The local Secret societies are different from the Heaven and Earth Society of China. The former presentes polarization phenomenon： the upper rich leaders and poor people in the underlying of societies, and it＇s internal structure is consistant with the local Chinese social internal layer. From the perspective of social psychology, we can find that Chinese ordinary people＇s pursuit of a sense of belonging to the society and upper Chinese developmental needs of satisfying self-value realization are one of the main reasons for its development.