唐山地区儿童过敏性皮炎过敏原调查及相关因素研究

Investigation and Related Factors of Allergic Dermatitis in Children in Tangshan Area

目的:调查唐山地区儿童过敏性皮炎(AD)过敏原情况调查及相关因素。方法:2 000例AD患儿,采集静脉血2ml,用免疫印迹法进行过敏原检测,观察过敏原情况和相关影响因素。结果:血清总免疫球蛋白升高的患儿有1 885例,阳性率为94.24%;过敏原前五位是花生、蟑螂、螨虫组合、螃蟹、海洋鱼组合;食物+吸入性过敏原在各个年龄段所占比重最大,婴幼儿组食物过敏原阳性率高于吸入过敏原,学龄前组比起婴幼儿组食物过敏原阳性率有所下降,吸入过敏原阳性率上升;AD与过敏原均有明显的季节规律。结论:唐山地区儿童AD主要过敏原为花生、蟑螂、螨虫组合等,有显著的季节性,各年龄段食物性和吸入性过敏原的致敏率具有明显差异。

Objective： To investigate the allergen of allergic dermatitis（AD） in children in Tangshan area and its related factors. Methods： 2 000 cases of children with AD, collecting venous blood 2ml, using Western blotting for allergen detection, observation of allergens and related factors. Results： The total serum immunoglobulin levels in 1 885 cases, the positive rate was 94.24%; the first five are peanut allergens, cockroaches, mites, crabs, sea fish combination combination; food and inhalant allergens in each age group accounted for the largest proportion, infant food allergen positive rate is higher than the inhalation of allergens preschool group than infant group, food allergen positive rate decreased, inhaled allergens positive rate increased; obviously seasonal AD and allergy were. Conclusion： Children in Tangshan AD is the major allergen of peanut, cockroaches, mite assemblages, with remarkable seasonality, age of food and inhalant allergens caused by sensitive rate has obvious difference.