《四库全书总目》中清初盛世文学的建构

On Early Qing Dynasty's Literature Construction in Resumes of Si Ku Quan Shu

《四库全书总目》清别集提要在评价清初文人及其作品的同时,也体现出了馆臣对清初文学图景的建构。四库馆臣在建构清初文学图景时,不仅极力彰显清初文学与明代文学的异质性,更在反驳明代文学的基础上力图勾勒出一幅以学问为根柢、风格醇雅的盛世文学图景,并以王士禛"神韵说"为清代诗学特色形成的标志。四库馆臣以此建构起来的清初文学具有明显的缺陷,如遗民、贰臣群体中重要人物的缺席,明清文学继承性关系的主观割裂等,这是典型的以政教统摄文学的官方文学形态。

Resumes of S i K u Q u a n S h u not only evaluated the works of the early Qing Dynasty, also gave the development of literature in the early Qing Dynasty a comprehensive summary. Compilers tried to separate the literature in Qing Dynasty from Ming Dynasty, drawing a picture based on knowledge and elegance style, taking Wang Shi zhen’s “ shenyun” theory as the symbol of formation in the characteristics of poetics. Determined by official thoughts, this picture has many shortcomings, such as lack of adherents and turncoats, cutting off the relationship between the Ming and Qing Dynasty literature.