中国古代皇家园林的时空观

The Concept of Time and Space in Chinese Ancient Imperial Garden

中国古代皇家园林对于时空有深刻而独到的理解。以文献和现存案例为基础,首先从园林中的宇宙模型、方位描述、对中国地理的模拟和想象等方面讨论古代皇家园林中的空间观,然后从园林中包含的时间单位、时间方向、次序及快慢等方面讨论皇家园林中的时间观念,进而按对应、错综、联动等几种方式讨论了皇家园林中的时间与空间的关联。在此基础上,探讨了古代皇家园林时空观的来源,并认为其他类型的古代园林具有相似性。

Chinese ancient imperial gardens have an original and deep understanding about time and space. Based on documents andextant cases, the paper researches the concept of space in Chinese ancient imperial gardens from cosmological models, orientation,simulations and imagination of Chinese geographical circumstance, and studies the concept of time in Chinese ancient imperial gardensfrom division of time, direction of time, time sequence, and time speed. Then the paper investigates the relationship between time andspace from the way of corresponding, interleaving and associated moving. On this basis, the paper discusses the origin of the conceptfrom view of the world, the nature and life. It is believed that most of the other ancient gardens have the similar origins, therefore theconclusion is generally applicable.