磷肥与缓释氮肥对长白落叶松移植苗生长和养分状况的影响

Combined effects of phosphorus and controlled-release nitrogen on growth and nutrient status of transplanted Larix olgensis seedlings

为探明长白落叶松Larix olgensis移植苗木培育所需的缓释氮肥及磷肥最佳用量,以长白落叶松移植苗为研究对象,通过设置4个缓释氮肥水平(0,6,12,18 g·m^(-2)氮)与3个磷肥水平(0,21,42 g·m^(-2)五氧化二磷)共计12个施肥处理组合,研究长白落叶松移植苗木生长状况和养分积累对不同氮磷施肥量的响应规律。结果表明:氮磷仅对叶片磷含量存在显著交互作用(P=0.024),施肥对苗木生长和养分状况的影响是通过其主效应引起的。缓释氮肥对苗高、地径、各器官生物量及茎、叶、整株的氮、磷含量影响显著(P=0.001~0.026),其中6 g·m^(-2)和12 g·m^(-2)(氮)对苗木生长和养分积累促进作用较大,但2种施氮量水平间差异不显著;磷肥对苗高、根生物量、叶氮、整株磷含量及叶磷质量分数影响显著(P=0.009~0.040),21 g·m^(-2)和42 g·m^(-2)五氧化二磷均显著高于对照,但2种磷肥施用水平间差异不显著。与对照相比,6 g·m^(-2)施氮量下苗高、地径、整株生物量和氮含量分别增加22.3%,12.9%,39.9%和48.3%;21 g·m^(-2)五氧化二磷施用量下苗高、根生物量、叶氮、整株磷含量分别增加13.3%,19.3%,17.8%,25.9%。综合考虑施肥效果,缓释氮肥对长白落叶松苗木影响较磷肥大,长白落叶松移植苗最佳施肥量为缓释氮肥(氮)6 g·m^(-2),磷肥(五氧化二磷)21 g·m^(-2)。

To confirm the optimum rates of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer （CRNF） and phosphorus in transplanted Lari% olgensis seedling cultivation. A filed experiment was conducted to study the combined effects of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer （CRNF） and phosphorus on the growth and nutrient storage of trans-planted Lari% olgensis seedlings at 0, 6, 12, 18 g ·m^- 2 （N ）rate and 0, 21, 42 g·m^- 2 （P2O5 ） ra te. Results showed that CRNF and phosphorus did not significantly interact either attribute except for foliage P content （P=0.024）, indicating that seedling quality was dominantly influenced by their main effects individually. CRNF exerted significant effects on height, diameter, organ dry mass as well as N and P content in stems, foliage and whole plant （P=0.001-0.026）; 6 g ·m^- 2 and 12 g ·m^- 2 （N ） rate were more effective on promoting seedling growth and nutrient accumulation, while the difference between them were not significant; phosphorus significantly affected height, root dry mass, foliage Ncontent, whole plant Pcontent and foliage Pconcentration（P=0.009-0.040）, 21 g·m^- 2 and 42 g·m^- 2 （P2O5 ） were significantly higher than that of control, but no significant difference between this two treatments. Compared with control, the seedling height, collar diameter, whole plant dry mass and N content of 6 g ·m^- 2 （N ）rate increased 22 .39, 12.99, 39 . 99 and 48 . 39 respectively; the seedling height, root dry mass, needle N and whole plant P content of 21 g·m^-2 （P2O5）rate increased 13.3%, 19.3%, 17.8% and 25.9% respectively. Collective consideration the seedling response, CRNF yielded more prominent role on manipulating seedling quality, 6 g·m^-2 （N） and 21 g·m^-2 （P2O5） was recommended for the production of trans-planted Lari% olgensis seedlings. [Ch, 5 fig. 2 tab. 26 ref.]