初期艾滋病感染者的心理困境及社会工作介入路径

The Intervention Paths of Social Work to the Psychological Dilemma of Early Stage HIV Infected People

艾滋病感染年轻化趋势使我国艾滋病防治面临全新挑战。初期艾滋病感染者的心理困境制约其生活适应和疾病治疗,是艾滋病防治的关键突破口。通过对5位19—35岁男同性恋初期艾滋病感染者的研究发现,初期艾滋病感染者的显著心理表现异中有同,其心理困境主要体现在:认知存在偏差且内化了社会歧视,存在诸多消极情感且情感支持面临障碍,产生逃避社会乃至自杀的行为倾向,不良的认知、情感与行为倾向之间存在交互作用。社会工作的介入路径包括:提供多元有效的信息支持,进行针对性的心理辅导,协助建立同伴支持网络,倡导形成无歧视的社会环境,促进完善公共服务体系。

The trend of HIV-infected people becoming younger makes the prevention and control of HIV /AIDS face new challenges in our country. Psychological dilemma of early stage HIV infected people restricts their life adjustment and disease treatment,which is a key breakthrough in AIDS control. The investigation of five 19-35 year old male homosexual HIV infected people has found that,psychological performances of early stage HIV infected people have both differences and common points,their psychological dilemma includes： cognitive biases and internalizing social discrimination; negative emotions and emotional support facing obstacles; existing behavior tendency of escaping from society and self-destruction; interaction of unhealthy cognition,emotion and behavior. Intervention paths of social work conclude： providing diversified and effective information support; taking targeted psychological counseling; assisting to establish peer support networks; promoting formation of non-discriminatory social environment; promoting improvement of public service system.