陕西子午岭国家级自然保护区不同生境蝶类昆虫多样性

Butterfly Diversity of Different Types of Habitats in Ziwuling National Nature Reserve of Shaanxi Province

2014年、2015年,选取针叶林、阔叶林、灌丛、草地等4种植被类型生境,对陕西子午岭国家级自然保护区的蝶类进行研究。共捕获蝶类832头,隶属于6科45种,其中蛱蝶科种类和个体数量最多。在4种生境中,阔叶林中的蝶类种类及数量最多,蛱蝶科为优势科;草地中的种类及数量最少,弄蝶科占优势地位;灌丛和针叶林居中,前者粉蝶科占优势地位,后者优势种群不明显。对4种植被类型中蝶类物种多样性、均匀度、丰富度和优势度等指数进行了计算与分析,结果表明:阔叶林生境多样性、均匀度和丰富度最高,优势度最低;草地生境相反;灌丛林与针叶林居中。除草地之外,阔叶林、针叶林、灌丛等3种生境蝶类种-多度曲线趋于对数正态分布。

The butterfly species in Ziwuling National Nature Reserve of Shaanxi Province were studied based on samples collected in four typical Habitats：coniferous forest,broad -leaf forest,shrubbery and grassland.A total of 832 butterflies belonging to 6 families and 45 species were captured,of which the largest number of species and individual was Nymphalidae.In 4 habitats,the highest number of butterfly species was in broad -leaf forest,of which Nymphalidae was dominant family,while the least was in the grassland,of which Hesperiidae was dominant,it was moderate in coniferous forest and shrubbery,among which the dominant family was Pieridae in the former,but a dominant family was not obvious in the latter.The butterfly species diversity,richness,evenness and dominance index within the four kinds of habitats were calculated and analyzed.The results indicated that the habitat diversity,evenness and richness were highest in the broad leaved forest,and the dominance was the lowest,while the grassland habitat was the opposite,coniferous forest and shrubbery were in the middle.Except in the grassland habitats,the butterfly species abundance curves in the 3 habitats conformed to the lognormal distribution.