水塘系统的水源涵养贡献力评估——以风岭流域为例

Evaluation on the Contribution Capacity of Water Conservation of Pond System:A Case Study of Fengling Watershed

应用InVEST模型和SCS模型并结合GIS技术,计算出仪征市风岭流域2015年的产水量、地表径流量以及水塘系统的水源涵养量分别为92.07×10~6 m^3、20.11×10~6 m^3和36.47×10~6 m^3,在子流域上其总体变化均呈现为由流域下游向上游减少的趋势。在此基础上,研究评估了区域水塘系统的水源涵养贡献力,总体而言,流域下游的贡献力均大于上游。在降水条件相同的情况下,建设用地分布较多的区域,产水量、地表径流量以及水塘系统的水源涵养贡献力均大于林地覆盖较多的区域;粘壤土分布区的地表径流量大于壤土分布区;水塘系统水源涵养量随地表径流量的增加而增加。

In this paper,taking Fengling watershed in Yizheng as an example,water yield and surface runoff in 2015 were obtained by applying the InVEST model and SCS model.Based on the data above,water conservation of pond system was calculated.The results were as follows:water yield,surface runoff and water conservation of pond system were 92.07×10~6 m^3,20.11×10~6 m^3 and 36.47×10~6 m^3 respectively.Generally speaking,the value of water yield,surface runoff and water conservation tended to decrease from downstream to upstream.Based on these,the contribution capacity of water conservation of pond system was evaluated.On the whole,the contribution capacity of water conservation in the downstream was greater than that in the upstream.Under the same condition of rainfall,water yield,surface runoff and the contribution capacity of water conservation of the areas covered by more construction was larger than that of the areas covered by more forests;surface runoff of the clay loam area was larger than that of the loam area;water conservation of pond system increased with surface runoff.