国家地缘体类属及其对地缘战略抉择的影响

National Geo-entity Category and Its Influence on Choice of Geopolitical Strategy

地缘政治学的核心思想是探讨地理在决定国家地缘体对外政策方面的影响。该文以国家地缘体为研究对象,从其领土面积大小、形状和海陆位置等空间形态入手,尝试划分了3种不同类属的国家地缘体,即陆权国、海权国和海陆复合型地缘政治大国。以英国—海权国、德国—陆权国和美国—海陆复合型地缘政治大国为样本,分析了不同国家地缘体类属在其崛起过程中的地缘战略抉择并做了简要总结。在国家发展、民族发展之际,加强对国家地缘体和地缘战略的研究,对中华民族伟大复兴和国家全面发展都具有重要的参考价值。

The core thought of geopolitics is to explore the geographical influence in determining national geo-entity policies.So far,geopolitics has developed four classic geopolitical theories,namely,the national organism theory,the sea power theory,the land power theory and the edge zone theory.These theories not only supply our geopolitical study with a set of conceptual system,analytical thought,research methods and means to solve realistic geopolitical issues,but also make us to understand research object-geo-entity.It is important for us to further study geo-entity′s concepts,types,characteristics,relationship and changing laws,and so on.Therefore,this paper takes national geo-entity as research object,on the basis of analyzing the national geo-entity′s territorial size,shape,sea and land location,tries to divide three different national geo-entity categories,namely,the Land Power,the Sea Power and the Sea and Land Geopolitical Power.And then,taking UK-the Sea Power,Germany-the Land Power and USA-the Sea and Land Geopolitical Power as samples,the paper analyzes their choices of geopolitical strategy on the process of rise.With the development of nation,strengthen national geo-entity and geo-strategies research,which are of great significance for China′s peaceful rise and China′s comprehensive development.