新生儿肺炎病原菌分布特点及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance characteristics of neonatal pneumonia pathogens

目的探讨新生儿感染肺炎病原菌的情况,并研究其病原菌的耐药性。方法分析本院398例新生儿肺炎患者痰液中病原菌的检测情况及药敏试验结果。结果入组患者所收集标本阳性检出率为56.28%,共分离出病原菌243株,革兰阴性菌176例（72.53%）,革兰阳性菌64例（26.34%）,真菌3例（1.23%）。革兰阳性菌对头孢类抗菌药物的耐药率较高,耐药率为3.7%-100%;革兰阴性菌对氨苄西林、氨曲南、头孢他啶等抗菌药物的耐药性高,耐药率为25%-100%。结论新生儿肺炎患者所感染的革兰阴性菌对氨苄西林、氨曲南、头孢他啶等抗菌药物的耐药性较高,对他巴唑坦、亚胺培南等敏感度较高,临床治疗时应选择敏感度较高的药物。

Objective To investigate the infection of pathogenic bacteria of neonatal pneumonia, and the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria. Methods The pathogen detection and drug susceptibility results of sputum from 398 cases with neonatal pneumonia were analyzed in our hospital. Results The specimens positive rate was 56.28%, a total of 243 pathogenic bacteria were isolated with 176（72.53%） strains of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria 64（26.34%） strains and 3（1.23%） strains of fungus were isolated. The drug resistance rates of Gram-positive bacteria antimicrobial were higher in cephalosporins, with the rate of 3.7%-100%. Gram-negative bacteria had higher antimicrobial drug resistance to ampicillin, aztreonam, ceftazidime and other drugs, with the rates of 25%-100%. Conclusions Neonatal pneumonia patients had high antibacterial resistance to Gram-negative bacterium to ampicillin, aztreonam, cephalosporins ceftazidime with the high sensitivity of tazobactam and imipenem, in the clinical treatments should choose sensitively drugs.