古希腊后期自我意识的哲学

The Philosophy of self-consciousness in the Late Ancient Greece

自我意识的哲学作为意识的初次返回到自身,产生于古希腊文明没落时期。它表现为斯多葛派、伊壁鸠鲁派和怀疑派三种理论形态。斯多葛派坚持自我的抽象的内在性,否定外在世界的抽象存在,由刚毅坚韧走向琐屑伪善。伊壁鸠鲁派坚持自我的外在的感性偶然性,否定普遍性和必然性,由追求快适走向无所作为的内心宁静。怀疑派则是普遍的否定,是彻底的自我意识原则。三者都是自我意识对对象意识的否定,具有抽象的否定性,最后精神进入非理性信仰的领域。

The philosophy of self - consciousness, as a consciousness the first time returns to itself, grow out of the period of the degradation of ancient Greek civilization. It is represented in three theory forms, Stoics, Epicureans and skeptics. Stoics persist in the abstract of the inner self, negate the abstract existence of the external world. Epicureans persist in the perceptual contin-gency of the external self, negate universality and necessity. Skeptics is a universal negation, is a thorough principle of self - consciousness. The three are the negation of self - consciousness to the object - consciousness, with abstract negation. Finally the spirit enters the field of non rational belief.