红油香椿嫩芽不同生长期和空间部位挥发性成分分析

Analysis of Volatile Components of Toona sinensis Buds at Different Growth Stages and Its Different Parts

以红油香椿幼嫩组织为研究对象,利用顶空固相微萃取及气相色谱-质谱联用技术分别对不同生长期、空间部位各香气成分种类和相对含量进行测定。结果表明:香椿生长期Ⅰ共检测到挥发性化合物成分35种、生长期Ⅱ17种、生长期Ⅲ22种、生长期Ⅳ15种、生长期Ⅴ12种、生长期Ⅵ16种;随着香椿嫩芽的不断生长,羰基类、含硫类、醇类整体均呈先上升后下降的趋势,烯类整体呈先下降后上升趋势,烃类、其他类均逐渐下降。红油香椿嫩芽上部共检测出挥发性香气成分26种、中部19种、下部12种,其中含硫类化合物相对含量分别达72.15%、88.33%和88.59%,构成香椿的主要香气成分。根据不同空间部位香椿特征香气成分2-巯基-3,4-二甲基-2,3-二氢噻吩相对含量推测,中部为香椿香气释放的关键部位。

The volatile components in Toona sinensis buds at different growth stages and it different parts were analyzed by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. The results obtained were as follows：（1） there were 35 components identified at stage Ⅰ, 17 at stage Ⅱ, 22 at stage Ⅲ, 15 at stage Ⅳ, 12 at stage Ⅴ and 16 at stage Ⅵ. With the growth of T. sinensis, the relative contents of carbonyls, sulfur, alcohols were increased at first and then decreased, while vinyl showed just the opposite trend. Hydrocarbons and the other compounds were gradually decreased; and（2） 26 components were found to be present in the upper part, 19 in the middle part, and 12 in the lower part of buds with sulfur-containing compounds comprising 72.15%, 88.33% and 88.59% of the total volatiles, respectively, which were confirmed as the main aroma components of T. sinensis. The middle part was suggested as the main releasing part according to the relative content of the characteristic aroma component 2-mercapto-3,4-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrothiophene.