2015年我国审定的水稻品种基本特性分析

Analysis on Characteristics of Rice Varieties Registered in China in 2015

对2015年我国通过省级以上审定的水稻品种进行了简要分析。结果表明,2015年我国通过省级以上审定的水稻品种共有487个次(有7个品种通过2个及以上省份审定),其中,籼型常规稻34个、籼型两系杂交稻105个、籼型三系杂交稻209个、粳型常规稻101个、粳型杂交稻19个、不育系18个;区试平均产量籼型常规稻为466.44 kg/667 m^2、比对照增产5.54%,籼型两系杂交稻为575.40 kg/667 m^2、比对照增产5.46%,籼型三系杂交稻为547.87 kg/667 m^2、比对照增产5.39%,粳型常规稻为622.85 kg/667 m^2、比对照增产6.71%,粳型杂交稻为661.66 kg/667 m^2、比对照增产9.40%;品种优质达标率粳稻为74.17%、籼稻为34.93%、常规稻为69.92%、杂交稻为35.09%,其中,籼型常规稻为45.45%、籼型三系杂交稻为32.32%、籼型两系杂交稻为36.45%、粳型常规稻为78.00%、粳型杂交稻为55.00%。可见,粳稻品种品质要明显好于籼稻,常规稻要明显好于杂交稻。虽然对多个病虫害综合抗性表现较好的品种不多,但有些品种对单个病害的抗性表现还是比较突出的,这些品种中有些品种同时品质表现也较好。

Abstact： 487 rice varieties, including 34 conventional indica rice, 209 three lines indica hybrid rice, 105 two lines indica hybrid rice, 101 conventional japonica flee, 19 japonica hybrid rice and 8 sterile lines, were registered by Crop Variety Approval Committee in China in 2015. Average yield of conventional indica rice is 466.44 kg/667m2, two lines indica hybrid rice is 575.40 kg/667 m2, three lines indica hybrid rice is 547.87 kg/667 m2, conventional japonica rice is 622.85 kg/667 m2, japonica hybrid rice is 661.66 kg/667 m2. Quality compliance rate of japonica rice was 74.17%, quality compliance rate of indica rice was 34.93%; quality compliance rate of conventional flee was 69.92%, quality compliance rate of hybrid rice was 35.09%. The quality of japonica rice was significantly bet- ter than indica flee; the quality of conventional rice was significantly better than hybrid flee. Varieties with excellent resistance to diseases and insect pests were less.