精神的“日出”——《新青年》与马克思主义早期传播渠道研究

Spiritual Sunrise: Historical Analysis on the Role of New Youth in the Early Communication Channels of Marxism in China

马克思主义在中国早期传播有日本、苏俄、欧洲三个渠道,《新青年》作为马克思主义早期传播的领军刊物,客观地呈现了马克思主义传播渠道产生、发展的历史状况,真实地表现了马克思主义早期传播由日本渠道向苏俄渠道过渡的历史进程,是马克思主义在中国早期传播历史的风向标。《新青年》还清晰地展示了不同渠道传播内容的历史脉络。日本渠道传播马克思主义的基本原理:唯物史观、剩余价值理论和阶级斗争理论;苏俄渠道主要是传播辩证法与列宁的民族与殖民地革命理论;欧洲渠道对当时西方共产党组织、宣传有所介绍。传播主渠道的转换与传播内容的递进,是中国革命的客观需要,产生了新民主主义理论的基本思想,成为早期马克思主义中国化的理论标志。《新青年》的办刊历史突出展示了五四时期"精神日出"的辉煌进程。

In the early years, the dissemination of Marxism in China has three channels: Japan, Soviet Russia and Europe. As the leading publication in the early dissemination of Marxism, New Youth objectively presents the historical situation of the production and development of the dissemination channels of Marxism. The journal truly reflects the historical process of transition from the channel of Japan to Europe. And it is also a wind vane of Marxism's early dissemination in China. New Youth also clearly demonstrates the historical context of the contents of different channels. The channel of Japan transmits the basic principles of Marxism: historical materialism, surplus value theory and the theory of class struggle. The channel of Soviet Russia mainly spreads dialectics and Lenin's theory of nation and colony revolution. The transformation of the main channel and the progression of its content is to meet the demands of the Chinese revolution. The basic ideas of New Democracy become the theoretical identification of the early Sinicization of Marxism. The general history of New Youth highlights the brilliant process of the spirit of May 4th period.