金融消费者概念界定标准的法理分析

A Legal Analysis on the Definition of Financial Consumer Concept

我国《消费者权益保护法》将金融消费者的权益保护纳入了该法的适用范围,但对金融消费者的界定标准未做明确规定,目前在理论上对此存在较大分歧,主要表现在金融消费者主体是否仅限于自然人、行为目的是否为满足生活需要等几个方面。对金融消费者界定标准不同诠释影响了法律具体实施和实质正义价值的实现。根据对弱势群体保护的法理念,金融消费者的法律界定应遵循以下标准,即目的不仅限于满足生活需要、行为主体不限于自然人,法人与其他组织在满足限制条件下也可作为金融消费者主体。

The rights and interests of financial consumers are protected by the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests,but the definition of the financial consumer is not clear in this law. At present there are considerable differences in theory,influencing the implementation of law and the realization of substantial justice. The differences are mainly about whether financial consumer is limited to natural persons,whether the purpose of the financial consumer’s behavior is to meet the needs of life,etc.. According to the protection of vulnerable groups,the definition of financial consumer should follow the standard that the purpose of behavior is not limited to the satisfaction of needs and actors are not limited to natural persons. Corporation and other organizations can also be used as the main financial consumers,but they mustn’t have professional knowledge and skills about financial transactions.