“是什么”与“不是什么”——黔域口语音乐自然生态“‘一’、‘多’场”(上)

“What Is It” and “What Is Not”: on the Natural Ecology of “‘Uniqueness' and ‘Diversity” of Guizhou Folk Music(Part Ⅰ)

对于黔域单一民族聚居区的一些耳熟能详的口语音乐,如苗族飞歌、侗族大歌、汉族灯调……行家一听必知其"是什么"("‘一’之‘多’")。但是,当其面对黔域多民族杂居区的一些极难定性的非此非彼的口语乐时,却不知其"是什么"("‘多’之‘一’")。类似的"不是什么"的口语乐,几乎遍及黔域巫调、傩腔、野曲、家歌、说唱及戏曲、器乐曲之中。

As to the well-known folk music in the single-ethnic community around Guizhou area,such as,Feige（ HXak Yeet） of Miao nationality,Da-ge（ Kam Grand Choirs） of Dong nationality and Deng-diao of Han nationality,professions can tell ＂what it is ＂easily once they listen to them（ that is,to name ‘diversity＇from the ‘uniqueness＇）. But when it comes to some folk music without distinctive features in multinational areas of Guizhou,it is hard to tell ＂what it is＂（ that is,to name the ‘uniqueness＇ from the ‘diversity＇）. Such folk music of ＂what-is-not＂almost can be found in all forms of Guizhou music, such as, Wu tune, Nuo tune, folk songs, operas, and instrumental music