广州市某电器制造企业732名高温作业工人心电图分析

Analysis on electrocardiogram of 732 workers exposed to high temperature in an electrical appliance manufacturing enterprise of Guangzhou City

目的探讨高温对作业工人心电图的影响,从而为职业健康监护提供依据。方法 2015年7月对广州市某电器制造企业高温作业工人732人(高温组)和非高温作业人员585人(对照组)进行心电图检查,并对心电图结果进行对比分析。结果高温组心电图总异常率为23.50%,对照组为11.11%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.80,P<0.01)。其中,高温组作业工人心电图窦性心动过缓、心电轴偏移、窦性心律不齐、传导阻滞发生率分别为8.61%、4.78%、4.10%、3.55%,明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论高温作业对工人心电图有明显影响,用人单位应加强对高温作业工人的职业健康监护工作,定期对其进行心电图检查,做好职业防护。

[Objective]To explore the influence of high temperature on electrocardiogram of exposed workers,provide the basis for the occupational health care.[Methods]The electrocardiographic examination was performed among 732 workers exposed to high temperature（the high temperature group）and 585 workers without exposure to high temperature（the control group）in an electrical appliance manufacturing enterprise of Guangzhou City in July 2015,and the results were compared and analyzed.[Results]The total abnormal rate of electrocardiogram in the high temperature group and the control group was 23.50% and11.11% respectively,and the difference was statistically significant（χ2=33.80,P〈0.01）. The incidence rate of sinus bradycardia,electrical axis deviation,sinus arrhythmia and conduction block in the high temperature group was respectively 8.61%,4.78%,4.10% and 3.55%,which were significantly higher than those in the control group（P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]High temperature has the adverse effect on electrocardiogram of exposed workers. The employers should strengthen the occupational health surveillance among workers exposed to high temperature,take the regular electrocardiographic examination,and improve the occupational protection among this population.