中国高校教职工高血压危险因素的meta分析

Meta-analysis on risk factors of hypertension among teachers and staff in colleges and universities in China

目的综合评价我国高校教职工高血压的危险因素。方法以高血压、教师、教职工、高校等为关键词,检索我国高校教职工高血压危险因素相关的中英文文献,根据文献纳入与排除标准筛选文献、评价文献质量、提取数据,使用Rev Man 5.3.3软件进行meta分析,使用Stata 14.0进行发表偏倚分析。结果纳入分析的文献共136篇,纽卡斯尔渥太华量表（NOS）评分和乔安娜循证护理中心（JBI）研制的横断面研究偏倚风险评价标准评分的结果显示纳入文献总体质量较高。Meta分析结果显示各危险因素的合并OR值及95%CI分别为：性别的OR为1.72,95%CI：1.62~1.83;家族史的OR为3.51,95%CI：2.07~5.96;高盐饮食的OR为2.37,95%CI：1.31~4.29;饮酒史的OR为2.34,95%CI：1.39~3.94;吸烟史的OR为1.81,95%CI：1.28~2.56;规律运动的OR为0.44,95%CI：0.21~0.88;超重的OR为2.53,95%CI：2.24~2.86;肥胖的OR为5.00,95%CI：4.12~6.07;腰臀比超标的OR为2.05,95%CI：1.64~2.57;高血糖的OR为2.53,95%CI：1.47~4.36;高血脂的OR为2.85,95%CI：2.21-3.68;高尿酸血症的OR为1.81,95%CI：1.44~2.27;糖尿病的OR为3.54,95%CI：2.59~4.84;相对于非教师,教师岗位的OR为1.26,95%CI：1.06~1.49;高级职称的OR为2.26,95%CI：1.66~3.06;年龄的meta分析结果显示,50岁以上的合并OR值大于1,且差异有统计学意义,50~75岁年龄段的合并OR值随年龄增长而增大。漏斗图的分析结果显示高血脂和高血糖这两个危险因素存在发表偏倚。结论男性、年龄、家族史、高盐饮食、饮酒史、吸烟史、超重、肥胖、腰臀比超标、高血糖、高血脂、高尿酸血症、糖尿病、教师岗位、高级职称等为我国高校教职工高血压发病的危险因素,而规律运动则为保护因素。

[Objective] To evaluate the risk factors of hypertension among teachers and staff in colleges and universities in China.[Methods]Relevant studies were retrieved using the words of hypertension,teachers,faculty,colleges,universities and so on. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the quality of included studies was evaluated and the data of included studies were extracted. Rev Man 5.3.3 was used for meta-analysis and Stata 14.0 was used for publication bias evaluation.[Results]Totally 136 eligible studies were included. NOS score and JBI score of included studies showed that the whole quality of included studies was high. The results of meta-analysis showed that the pooled OR of each risk factor was as follows：gender1.72（95%CI：1.62-1.83）,family history 3.51（95%CI：2.07-5.96）,high-salt diet 2.37（95%CI：1.31-4.29）,drinking history 2.34（95%CI：1.39-3.94）,smoking history 1.81（95% CI：1.28-2.56）,regular exercise 0.44（95%CI：0.21-0.88）,overweight 2.53（95%CI：2.24-2.86）,obesity 5.00（95%CI：4.12-6.07）,waist-hip ratio 2.05（95%CI：1.64-2.57）,hyperglycemia 2.53（95%CI：1.47-4.36）,hyperlipidemia 2.85（95% CI：2.21-3.68）,hyperuricemia 1.81（95% CI：1.44-2.27）,diabetes 3.54（95% CI：2.59-4.84）,post 1.26（95%CI：1.06-1.49）,professional title 2.26（95%CI：1.66-3.06）.The value of pooled OR exceeded 1 in the group with age50 years old,and the difference was statistically significant. The value of pooled OR increased with age in 50-75 year-old age group. The results of funnel plots suggested that there existed publication bias in the risk factors of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.[Conclusion]Male,age,family history,high-salt diet,drinking history,smoking history,overweight,obesity,waisthip ratio,hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia,diabetes,fatty liver,teachers＇ post,advanced professional title are the risk factors of hypertension of teachers and staff in colleges and universities in China,while regular exercise is the protective factor.