从英国脱欧看欧盟差异性一体化

Brexit and Differentiated Integration in the European Union

英国脱欧折射出差异化是欧洲一体化的显著特征。差异性一体化是多重因素共同作用的结果,其中,欧盟内部的深层次问题和矛盾是根本原因。差异性一体化在推进一体化建设的同时,对一体化进程也具有负面影响。当前,欧盟正面临着一系列严重危机,英国脱欧公投的结果进一步增加了其未来发展的不确定性。短期内,欧洲一体化难有实质性进展。从欧洲一体化以往发展规律来看,一体化将继续向前艰难推进。欧盟内部的异质性程度决定了差异性一体化仍将是一种退而求其次的次优选择。

Brexit reveals that differentiation has become a salient feature of European integration.Differentiated integration is the result of factors including domestic politics and EU′s deep-rooted problems and conflicts.Differentiated integration resolves dispute and enables progress to be made in European cooperation,but also has negative implications.In the midst of a series of critical challenges in the EU,the outcome of the British referendum adds to the uncertainty of EU′s future.In the short term,the current pressing problems of European integration are hard to be addressed.Past experience indicates that European integration will progressively move forward through crisis.After the withdrawal of Britain,heterogeneity among the EU Member States will still make differentiated integration the second best choice.