欧盟限塑政策:内涵特征与启示

EU's New Policy on Reducing the Consumption of Lightweight Plastic Carrier Bags:Implications and Enlightenments

欧盟限塑政策是欧盟环境管理政策的重要组成部分,它是欧盟包装及包装废物管理政策体系的一个延伸。2013年11月欧盟委员会发布一项旨在减少成员国轻质塑料购物袋消费的提案。经多方修改,最终于2015年5月正式出台了以减少轻质包装塑料袋消费为核心的欧盟包装法案第六次修正案。这是对1994年欧盟包装法案的最新修正,对成员国的环境管理具有重要政策涵义。本文首先阐述欧盟新推限塑令的酝酿过程及现实动机,然后重点分析该政策的具体内容及政策取向。中国虽然自2008年在全国范围内实行塑料购物袋的限制措施并取得明显成效,但仍存在一些问题,本文最后结合欧盟的新做法,阐述了其对完善中国限塑政策的几点启示。

EU plastic carrier bag regulation is an important part of EU environmental management policy and an extension of EU packaging and packaging waste policy.In November 2013,the European Commission issued a proposal aimed at reducing lightweight plastic shopping bag′s consumption among member states.Through modifications,in May 2015 EU formally introduced the amended Directive of Packaging as regards reducing the consumption of lightweight plastic carrier bags as the core of the EU sixth amendment.This is the latest amended act for 1994 EU Packaging Directive.It has important policy implications for the environmental management of EU member states.This paper recounts the background,objectives and contents of the new amendment and discusses the new tendencies of EU policy on reducing the use of plastic shopping bags.China has implemented nationwide plastic shopping bags regulation since 2008.Although this policy has achieved remarkable results,there are still some problems unresolved.The paper finally points out some policy implications of the EU amendment act for improving China′s plastic bags restriction.