基于“底线思维”的应急物资分配-运输两层鲁棒规划模型

Two-level robust optimization model of emergency relief distribution-transportation from the baseline perspective

非常规突发事件的应对需要"底线思维",从"最坏、最困难"的角度展开研究.为此,针对应急物资的分配与运输的应急规划问题提出基于"底线思维"的两层鲁棒模型.顶层模型从成本最小化的角度确定应急资源的最优配置量,而底层模型从节约时间的角度对顶层的分配方案实施运输配送,及时、有效地实现应急资源分配的协同优化,最大程度地减少灾难带来的损失.该模型刻画了灾区物资需求的极度缺失性,在"最坏"情景下利用分解技术研究应急分配与运输的协同过程,不仅揭示了分配与运输的协同价值,而且发现鲁棒的两层规划具有强烈的稳键特征,同时也发现鲁棒的优化过程将有助于增强应急分配过程中的公平程度.

The unconventional emergency needs to be dealt with from the perspective of baseline. That is,we need to study problems based on the worst scenario. Thus,the paper formulated a two-level robust optimization model to solve the coordination problem arising from the relief distribution and transportation. The topline model determines the optimal distribution of emergency resource from the perspective of cost minimization,while the baseline model is to transport and distribute based on the distribution policy of topline from the perspective of time saving,in order to realize the coordinate optimization of emergency resource allocation timely and efficiently,and reduce most the loss of disaster. The model described the scarcity of relief demand and converted the coordination problem into two connected problems. Finally,the numerical analysis demonstrated the coordination value and robustness of the distribution policy. Besides,robust approach helps improve the equity of distribution plan.