城镇化进程中地方政府的征地机制完善与制度创新

On the Perfection of Land Expropriation Mechanism and the Systematic Innovation of Local Governments in the Process of Urbanization

征地矛盾是我国地方治理中的突出问题,利益失衡则是引发征地矛盾的关键。作为土地征收的关键主体,地方政府的土地征收行为决定和塑造了城镇化进程中的地方治理质量。各级地方政府亟需完善征地机制,实现更为有序、平衡的土地征收。不同地区征地机制改革的实践经验表明,地方政府可以从四个方面完善征地机制,即缩小征地范围、规范征地程序、优化补偿标准、创新农民安置办法。这些变革与地方政府的经济、政治利益高度吻合,因而具有较强的实践操作可能。当前时期,可通过赋予被征地农民参与权、发展权,建立以市场机制为基础的征地补偿"价格形成机制",保障新型城镇化进程的有序推进。

Conflict of land expropriation is an outstanding problem of local government in China, and its root cause is unbalanced interest. Local governments, as the key of land expropriation, whose actions actually define and determine the quality of local governance in the process of urbani- zation. Governments at all levels need to improve land expropriation system, so as to achieve land to be expropriated in an orderly and balanced way. Reform experience in real practice in different localities approve that local government can carry out reform of land expropriation in the following four aspects, namely, reducing land expropriation scale, standardizing land expropriation procedure, improving compensation standards and innovating farmers＇ resettlement methods. The reform of land expropriation is highly compatible to local governments＇ economic and political interest, and highly practical as well. At present, to ensure the progress of new urbanization can be advanced by setting up a market oriented pricing mechanism with farmer＇ s right of participation and right of development.